Dietary 1. To avoid toxoplasmosis, avoid raw meats (e.g. raw ground beef, rare lamb, uncooked pork), unpasteurised goat's milk, eating unwashed vegetables an...

Routine tests 1. Blood and urine tests – we require 4 tubes of blood and 1 urine sample to perform these tests a) Full blood count (FBC) – screens fo anaemia...

These risks include: 1. Ectopic pregnancy - This occurs in 1% of pregnancies. This usually presents with vaginal bleeding with or without moderate to severe ...

Both the mother (up to 10%) and the father (up to 5%) can experience mental health issues during the pregnancy and after birth. It is normal to have some wor...

Adapted from the Perinatal Society of Singapore's Guidelines published in 2020 1. Physical activity and exercise are beneficial during pregnancy and after pr...

Types of miscarriage syndromes: 1. Threatened miscarriage - this is diagnosed when there is painless vaginal spotting / bleeding (brown discharge would count...

There are numerous physiological changes that occur during the pregnancy. I will highlight some of the changes here that seem to bother more patients. Skin ...

Nausea / vomiting of pregnancy (or "morning sickness") Morning sickness is a misnomer as this can occur at any time. It affects about 80% of all pregnant wom...

A) Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy 1. This begins early in pregnancy, most commonly between the 4th and 7th week or pregnancy, peaks at about 10 weeks and u...